Unlike the ASP runtime, ASP.NET uses the Common Language Runtime (CLR) provided
by the .NET Framework. The CLR is the .NET runtime, which manages the execution
of code. The CLR allows the objects, which are created in different languages,
to interact with each other and hence removes the language barrier. CLR thus
makes Web application development more efficient.
In addition to simplifying the designing of Web applications, the .NET CLR
offers many advantages. Some of these advantages are listed as follows.
Improved performance:
The ASP.NET code is a compiled CLR code instead of an interpreted code. The CLR
provides just-in-time compilation, native optimization, and caching. Here, it is
important to note that compilation is a two-stage process in the .NET Framework.
First, the code is compiled into
the Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL).
Then, at the execution time, the MSIL is compiled into native code. Only the
portions of the code that are actually needed will be compiled into native code.
This is called Just In Time compilation. These features lead to an overall
improved performance of ASP.NET applications.
Flexibility:
The entire .NET class library can be accessed by ASP.NET applications. You can
use the language that best applies to the type of functionality you want to
implement, because ASP.NET is language independent.
Configuration settings:
The application-level configuration settings are stored in an Extensible Markup
Language (XML) format. The XML format is a hierarchical text format, which is
easy to read and write. This format makes it easy to apply new settings to
applications without the aid of any local administration tools.
Security:
ASP.NET applications are secure and use a set of default authorization and
authentication schemes. However, you can modify these schemes according to the
security needs of an application.
In addition to this list of advantages, the ASP.NET framework makes it easy to
migrate from ASP applications.
Creating an ASP.NET Application
Use a text editor:
In this method, you can write the code in a text editor, such as Notepad, and
save the code as an ASPX file. You can save the ASPX file in the directory
C:inetpubwwwroot. Then, to display the output of the Web page in Internet
Explorer, you simply need to type http://localhost/.aspx in the Address box. If
the IIS server is installed on some other machine on the network, replace "localhost"
with the name of the server. If you save the file in some other directory, you
need to add the file to a virtual directory in the Default WebSite directory on
the IIS server. You can also create your own virtual directory and add the file
to it.
Use the VS.NET IDE:
In this method, you use the IDE of Visual Studio .NET to create a Web page in a
WYSIWYG manner. Also, when you create a Web application, the application is
automatically created on a Web server (IIS server). You do not need to create a
separate virtual directory on the IIS server.
From the preceding discussion, it is obvious that the development of ASP.NET Web
applications is much more convenient and efficient in Visual Studio .NET.
ASP.NET Web pages consist of HTML text and the code. The HTML text and the code
can be separated in two different files. You can write the code in Visual Basic
or C# . This separate file is called the code behind file. In this section,
you'll create simple Web pages by using VB as well as C#.
Before you start creating a Web page, you should be familiar with basic ASP.NET
syntax. At the top of the page, you must specify an @ Page directive to define
page specific attributes, such as language.
To specify the language as VB for any code output to be rendered on the page.
This line indicates that any code in the block, <% %>, on the page is compiled
by using VB.
To render the output on your page, you can use the Response.Write() method.
Creating a Visual Basic Web Application
You can create an ASP.NET application using Visual Basic by creating a Visual
Basic
Web Application project. To do so, complete the following steps:
1. Select File ® New ® Project. The New Project dialog box appears.
2. Select Visual Basic Projects from the Project Types pane.
3. Select ASP.NET Web Application from the Templates pane. The Name box contains
a default name of the application. The Location box contains the name of a Web
server where the application will be created. However, you can change the
default name and location. In this case, the name of the sample application is
SampleVB.
Deploying an ASP.NET Web Application
After creating and testing your ASP.NET Web applications, the next step is
deployment.
Deployment is the process of distributing the finished applications (without the
source code) to be installed on other computers.
In Visual Studio .NET, the deployment mechanism is the same irrespective of the
programming language and tools used to create applications. In this section,
you'll deploy the "Hello World" Web application that you created. You can deploy
any of the application that was created by using VB or C#. Here, you'll deploy
the application created by using VB. To do so, follow these steps:
1. Open the Web application project that you want to deploy. In this case, open
the SampleVB project.
2. Select File ® Add Project ® New Project to open the Add New Project dialog
box.
3. From the Project Types pane, select Setup and Deployment Projects.
From the Templates pane, select Web Setup Project.
4. Change the default name of the project. In this case, change it to "SampleVBDeploy."
5. Click OK to complete the process. The project is added in the Solution
Explorer window.
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